Effecting Change Empathy, Confrontation, & Barriers Fall 2021 SOWK 486 - Theories of Practice I Jacob Campbell, LICSW Heritage University
Agenda • Additive Empathy & Interpretation • Confrontation • Barriers to change Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
WE EACH SEE THE WORLD DIFFERENTLY (Lieber, 1994) boating excursion from Margarita Island in Venezuela
Types of Empathy Emotional Empathy Cognitive Empathy (Hepworth, et al. 2017) Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
Components of Empathy Affective Sharing Self-Awareness Empathy Mental Flexibility (Hepworth, et al. 2017) Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
Additive Empathic Responses & Interpretation • Lead to interpretation • The identi cation of patterns, goals, and wishes (Hepworth, et al. 2017) fi Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
Types of Interpretation Semantic Propositional “By ‘frustrated,’ I gather you mean you’re feeling hurt and disillusioned.” “You have a tendency to worry about problems down the road and lose focus on dealing with your anxiety about taking the exam.” (Hepworth, et al. 2017) Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
(Hepworth, et al. 2017) Pitfalls of Additive Empathy Moderate Interpretations vs. Deep Interpretations • Working relationship has evolved • Engaged and ready for selfexploration • • Pitch these responses to the edge of clients’ self-awareness Avoid making several additive empathic responses in succession • Phrase interpretive responses in tentative terms • Note clients’ reactions after offering the interpretation • Acknowledge your probable error & respond empathically • Culturally differences
Ways of Using Additive Empathy • Deeper feelings Identify feelings implied or hinted at in clients’ verbal messages To identify feelings that underlie surface emotions To add intensity to feelings clients have minimized To clarify the nature of feelings clients express only vaguely To identify feelings manifested only nonverbally Challenging beliefs stated as facts (Hepworth, et al. 2017) Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
Ways of Using Additive Empathy • Deeper feelings • Underlying meanings of feelings, thoughts, and behavior • Wants and goals • Hidden purposes of behavior • Unrealized strengths and potentialities (Hepworth, et al. 2017) Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
Practice Using Additive Empathy With a partner, have a discussion about a time when they felt frustrated, upset, uneasy, etc. Practice asking good open ended questions and implementing additive empathetic statements. (Hepworth, et al. 2017) Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
Confrontation SelfConfrontation Assertive Confrontation (Hepworth, et al. 2017) Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
Effective Assertive Confrontation • Expression of concern • A description of the client’s purported goal, belief, or commitment • The behavior (or absence of behavior) that is inconsistent or discrepant with the goal, belief, or commitment • The probable negative outcomes of the discrepant behavior (Hepworth, et al. 2017) Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
Effective Assertive Confrontation (want, believe, are striving to) I am concerned because you _____________________ (describe desired outcome) ________________________________________________ (describe discrepant action, behavior, or inaction) but you _________________________________________ probable negative consequences) is likely to produce (describe _______________________________ (Hepworth et al. 2017, p. 525) Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
Death Therapy - Transference What About Bob? Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
Barriers to Change • Relational dynamics that occur in the interactions between clients and practitioners Behaviors on the part of practitioners • Dynamics that are challenging in cross-racial and cross-cultural relationships • Sexual attraction toward clients and the ethical and legal implication of this behavior (Hepworth, et al. 2017) Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
Hope Person Driven Many Pathways Respect Strengths & Responsibilities Working De nition of Recovery Holistic SAMHSA Peer Support Addresses Trauma Culture Relational (SAMHSA, 2012) fi Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
Recovery emerges from hope Hope Person Driven Many Pathways Respect Recovery is real People can and do overcome Strengths & Responsibilities Working De nition of Recovery Holistic Hope is internalized SAMHSA Peer Support Addresses Trauma Culture Hope is the catalyst of the recovery process Relational (SAMHSA, 2012) fi Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
Recovery is person-driven Person Driven Hope Many Pathways Respect Strengths & Responsibilities Working De nition of Recovery Holistic SAMHSA Peer Support Addresses Trauma Culture Foundation for recovery Assists recovery and resilience Empowering and providing resources Relational (SAMHSA, 2012) fi Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
Recovery occurs via many pathways Hope Person Driven Respect Strengths & Responsibilities Working De nition of Recovery Many Pathways Individuals are unique Holistic Recovery is non-linear SAMHSA Must foster resilience Peer Support Addresses Trauma Culture Pathways are highly personalized Relational Focus on abstinence Creating a supportive environment (SAMHSA, 2012) fi Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
Hope Recovery is holistic Person Driven Many Pathways Respect Strengths & Responsibilities Working De nition of Recovery Holistic SAMHSA Peer Support Addresses Trauma Culture Encompasses an individual’s whole life Addresses a range of areas Integrated and coordinated services and supports Relational (SAMHSA, 2012) fi Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
Recovery is supported by peers and allies Hope Person Driven Many Pathways Respect Strengths & Responsibilities Working De nition of Recovery Holistic Developing a sense of belonging Using peer operated supports & services SAMHSA Addresses Trauma Peer Support Culture Mutual support and mutual aid groups Relational Very important for children with behavioral health problems (SAMHSA, 2012) fi Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
Recovery is supported through relationship and social networks Hope Person Driven Many Pathways Respect Strengths & Responsibilities Working De nition of Recovery Holistic SAMHSA Presence and involvement of people who believe in the person’s ability to recover Through relationships people engage in new roles Peer Support Addresses Trauma Culture (SAMHSA, 2012) fi Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Relational Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
Recovery is culturallybased and influenced Hope Person Driven Many Pathways Respect Strengths & Responsibilities Working De nition of Recovery Holistic Services should be culturally grounded SAMHSA Peer Support Addresses Trauma Relational fi Culture (SAMHSA, 2012) Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
Recovery is supported by addressing trauma Hope Person Driven Many Pathways Respect Strengths & Responsibilities Working De nition of Recovery Holistic Trauma is often a precursor to or associated concerns Should be trauma-informed SAMHSA Peer Support Addresses Trauma Culture Relational (SAMHSA, 2012) fi Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
Recovery involves individual, family, and community strengths and responsibility Hope Person Driven Many Pathways Respect Have strengths and resources Empowerment Strengths & Responsibilities Working De nition of Recovery Holistic SAMHSA Peer Support Addresses Trauma Communities have responsibilities to provide opportunities and resources Work collectively Culture Relational (SAMHSA, 2012) fi Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486
Recovery is based on respect Hope Person Driven Respect Strengths & Responsibilities Many Pathways Working De nition of Recovery Holistic SAMHSA Peer Support Addresses Trauma Culture Focus on protecting rights and eliminating discrimination Steps towards recovery take great courage Self acceptance Relational (SAMHSA, 2012) fi Jacob Campbell, LICSW Effecting Change Heritage University Fall 2021 — SOWK 486