Spring 2024 SOWK 487w Week 07: Theoretical Framework in Group Facilitation

ARE YOU PONDERING WHAT I’M PONDERING? Jacob Campbell, LICSW Heritage University SOWK 487 Spring 2024 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS IN GROUP FACILITATION

Pinky and The Brain Theme Song

Po w er & Em po w er m en t WHAT WOULD YOU DO $1 MILLION (Berks County Transition, 2012) Jacob Campbell, Ph.D. LICSW Heritage University SOWK 487 Spring 2024

EMPOWERMENT WHAT IS IT? WHY IT’S IMPORTANT? HOW WE DO IT? I AM NO BIRD; AND NO NET ENSNARES ME: I AM A FREE HUMAN BEING WITH AN INDEPENDENT WILL — Charlotte Brontë, Jane Eyre

(ROBBINS, CHATTERJEE, & CANDA, 2006) PRINCIPALS OF EMPOWERMENT THEORY 1. All oppression should be fought 2. A systematic understanding of oppression must be maintained 3. People are capable of empowering themselves 4. People need to connect with others to work on empowerment 5. Clinician and the client share power Jacob Campbell, Ph.D. LICSW Heritage University SOWK 487 Spring 2024

(ROBBINS, CHATTERJEE, & CANDA, 2006) PRINCIPALS OF EMPOWERMENT THEORY 6. Client centered with the client being encouraged to tell own story & develop own goals 7. Client as “victor not victim” 8. Social change is goal, not symptom reduction. 9. Clinicians must examine how their practice may disempower clients 10.Clinician may need to be socially and politically active to address mezzo and macro needs [local, national, global issues] Jacob Campbell, Ph.D. LICSW Heritage University SOWK 487 Spring 2024

STEPS IN EMPOWERMENT IN MICRO PRACTICE STEP 1: SELF-EFFICACY The rst step in empowerment theory is the empowering of the client. This means helping them to gain self-ef cacy. This can be done by the following: ‣ Skill building ‣ Gaining self-awareness ‣ Learning to navigate systems SOWK 487 Spring 2024 fi fi Jacob Campbell, Ph.D. LICSW Heritage University

STEPS IN EMPOWERMENT IN MICRO PRACTICE STEP 2: CRITICAL CONSCIOUSNESS The second step in empowerment theory is connecting the client to the “bigger picture.” This means helping them to gain a critical consciousness about oppression and obstacles. Some examples of this are as follows: ‣ Identifying barriers ‣ De ning power ‣ Connecting the client to a group ‣ Letting them know they aren’t alone fi Jacob Campbell, Ph.D. LICSW Heritage University SOWK 487 Spring 2024

STEPS IN EMPOWERMENT IN MICRO PRACTICE STEP 3: SOCIAL CHANGE The third step in empowerment theory is creating larger social change. The following are some possible ideas: ‣ Creating policy and or legal changes ‣ Having the client act as a mentor ‣ Connecting to another activity that allows them to make social change Jacob Campbell, Ph.D. LICSW Heritage University SOWK 487 Spring 2024

STAGES IN EMPOWERMENT IN MEZZO PRACTICE (Breton, 2017) INTERVENTION/COLLABORATIVE ACTION PLANNING CONSCIOUSNESS RAISING / CONSCIENTIZATION SOCIAL / COLLECTIVE ACTION EMBEDDEDNESS IN THE COMMUNITY Jacob Campbell, Ph.D. LICSW Heritage University (Garvin et al., 2017) SOWK 487 Spring 2024

STAGES IN EMPOWERMENT IN MEZZO PRACTICE (Breton, 2017) INTERVENTION/COLLABORATIVE ACTION PLANNING CONSCIOUSNESS RAISING / CONSCIENTIZATION ‣ Inclusive to all participants ‣ Clear understand purpose of the group ‣ Dual focus of group SOCIAL / COLLECTIVE ACTION ‣ Involves risk ‣ Takes time EMBEDDEDNESS IN THE COMMUNITY Jacob Campbell, Ph.D. LICSW Heritage University (Garvin et al., 2017) SOWK 487 Spring 2024

STAGES IN EMPOWERMENT IN MEZZO PRACTICE (Breton, 2017) INTERVENTION/COLLABORATIVE ACTION PLANNING CONSCIOUSNESS RAISING / CONSCIENTIZATION SOCIAL / COLLECTIVE ACTION This is when the start of the collaborate action… ‣ Mutual aid model ‣ Developing actions to address needs expressed EMBEDDEDNESS IN THE COMMUNITY Jacob Campbell, Ph.D. LICSW Heritage University (Garvin et al., 2017) SOWK 487 Spring 2024

STAGES IN EMPOWERMENT IN MEZZO PRACTICE (Breton, 2017) INTERVENTION/COLLABORATIVE ACTION PLANNING CONSCIOUSNESS RAISING / CONSCIENTIZATION SOCIAL / COLLECTIVE ACTION Implement the actions to address expressed needs EMBEDDEDNESS IN THE COMMUNITY Jacob Campbell, Ph.D. LICSW Heritage University (Garvin et al., 2017) SOWK 487 Spring 2024

STAGES IN EMPOWERMENT IN MEZZO PRACTICE (Breton, 2017) INTERVENTION/COLLABORATIVE ACTION PLANNING CONSCIOUSNESS RAISING / CONSCIENTIZATION SOCIAL / COLLECTIVE ACTION EMBEDDEDNESS IN THE COMMUNITY fi Jacob Campbell, Ph.D. LICSW Heritage University ‣ Poststage portion of the group ‣ What does it look like when you are nished or end ‣ How do we consolidate changes made (Garvin et al., 2017) SOWK 487 Spring 2024

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF A COLLABORATIVE ACTION GROUP DR. ANDREA MONTGOMERY DI MARCO, PH.D. ▸ How a Group of Refugee-immigrant Women Living in the Diaspora in Metro-Vancouver De ne Flourishing and Experience Participatory-Hospitality: A Feminist Participatory Action Research fi Jacob Campbell, Ph.D. LICSW Heritage University SOWK 487 Spring 2024 Photo from Jimmy Jeong/The Globe and Mail