Spring 2024 SOWK 487w Week 16 - Group Work Research and Evaluation

GROUP WORK RESEARCH & EVALUATION Spring 2024 SOWK 487 Dr. Jacob Campbell, LICSW Heritage University

AGENDA OUR TENTATIVE PL AN FOR TODAY • Evaluation designs for groups • Difference between program evaluation and clinical evaluation • What is a qualitative design methodology • Participatory Action Research Spring 2024 SOWK 487 Dr. Jacob Campbell, LICSW at Heritage University

READINGS FOR WEEK 16 Teufel-Shone, N. I., Schwartz, A. L., Hardy, L. J., de Heer, H. D., Williamson, H. J., Dunn, D. J., Polingyumptewa, K., & Chief, C. (2018). Supporting new community-based participatory research partnerships. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(1), 44. https://doi.org/10.3390/ ijerph16010044 MacDonald, C. (2012). Understanding participatory action research: A qualitative research methodology option. The Canadian Journal of Action Research, 13(2), 34-50. Spring 2024 SOWK 487 Dr. Jacob Campbell, LICSW at Heritage University

EVALUATION AND RESEARCH DESIGN INTERVENTION OF TASKS OF GROUP WORK Identifying problem to be solved Deciding to solve the problem Active problem solving Planning for problem solving Planning for problem solving Maintaining problem-solving strategies (Gant, 2017) Spring 2024 SOWK 487 Dr. Jacob Campbell, LICSW at Heritage University

EVALUATION AND RESEARCH DESIGN PROGRAM EVALUATION VS CLINICAL RESEARCH (Gant, 2017) Spring 2024 SOWK 487 Dr. Jacob Campbell, LICSW at Heritage University

EVALUATION AND RESEARCH DESIGN PROGRAM EVALUATION VS CLINIC AL RESEARC H Purpose of data collection Standards for judging validity (Gant, 2017) Spring 2024 SOWK 487 Dr. Jacob Campbell, LICSW at Heritage University

EVALUATION AND RESEARCH DESIGN PROGRAM EVALUATION VS CLINIC AL RESEARC H • Decide whether to accept a new program or service • Decide whether to continue, change, or eliminate an existing program or service • Examine the uniformity of program implementation with program plan • Assess the overall value of a program • Help funders and stakeholders determine the ways in which issues are being solved or needs met. (Gant, 2017) Spring 2024 SOWK 487 Dr. Jacob Campbell, LICSW at Heritage University

EVALUATION AND RESEARCH DESIGN PROGRAM EVALUATION VS CLINIC AL RESEARC H PROGRAM EVALUATION Inform decisions, clarify options, specify improvements, and provide information about programs and policies within the social and political context. (Gant, 2017) Spring 2024 SOWK 487 Dr. Jacob Campbell, LICSW at Heritage University

EVALUATION AND RESEARCH DESIGN PROGRAM EVALUATION VS CLINIC AL RESEARC H To seek out new knowledge, engage in theory testing, confirm or disconfirm hypotheses, and generalize findings CLINICAL RESEARCH (Gant, 2017) Spring 2024 SOWK 487 Dr. Jacob Campbell, LICSW at Heritage University

EVALUATING THE BASW PROGRAM WALK AROUND THE ROOM ACTIVITY Spring 2024 SOWK 487 Dr. Jacob Campbell, LICSW at Heritage University

RESEARCH METHODS S TUDY DESIGN Quantitative Mixed Methods Qualitative (Preston et al., 2017) Spring 2024 SOWK 487 Dr. Jacob Campbell, LICSW at Heritage University

RESEARCH METHODS METHODOLOGIES OF QUALITATIVE RESEARC H Case Study Ethnography Grounded theory Narrative inquiry Phenomenology (Preston et al., 2017) Spring 2024 SOWK 487 Dr. Jacob Campbell, LICSW at Heritage University

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH HOW WOULD YOU EVALUATE What would you look for How would you look for it Professional Similarities for Social Work Students Spring 2024 SOWK 487 Dr. Jacob Campbell, LICSW at Heritage University

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH TACTICS TO FOS TER RIGOR Prolong Engagement Thick description Triangulation Member Checking Audit Trail Peer Debriefing Negative Case Analysis (Preston et al., 2017) Spring 2024 SOWK 487 Dr. Jacob Campbell, LICSW at Heritage University

HOW WOULD YOU EVALUATE GROUPS FOR PARENTS? Spring 2024 SOWK 487 Dr. Jacob Campbell, LICSW at Heritage University

INTERVENTION RESEARCH A PURPOSEFUL C HANGE STRATEGY FOR DEVELOPING OR FINE-TUNING INTERVENTIONS (Macgowan, 2017) Spring 2024 SOWK 487 Dr. Jacob Campbell, LICSW at Heritage University

INTERVENTION RESEARCH Step 5: Disseminate Findings and Materials Step 4: Test Effectiveness in a Variety of Practice Settings Step 3: Refine and Confirm Program Components in Tests Step 2: Create and Revise Program Materials Step 1: Specify the Problem and Develop a Program Theory (Macgowan, 2017) Spring 2024 SOWK 487 Dr. Jacob Campbell, LICSW at Heritage University

WHAT IS PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH? PAR is a qualitative methodology that includes collaboration at all levels of the research process and an intention to address a social problem that a ects an underserved community. (Creswell et al., 2007) Participatory Co-researchers participate in re ection on how to grapple with the target problem, both individually and collectively. Then the group cooperatively decides what actions are necessary to address the identi ed needs. Action During the process, the co-researchers build alliances through planning, implementation, and dissemination of the research Research fi ff fl (McIntyre, 2008)

􀱢 􀬓 1 Orientation: discussing PAR, its values, tenets, principles, practices, and processes 2 Entry interviews: Co-researcher voice in developing agendas and describing needs Participants limited to 12 VIEW OF PARTICIPATION IN THE STUDY 3 Six co-designed dialogs: Understand how trauma impacts students Limiting re-traumatization within the classroom Methods for increasing resiliency factors for students Engaging in self-care and burnout prevention to reduce the impact of secondary trauma Evaluate and implement ideas for promoting systematic changes within a classroom and school-wide Develop a tool or recommendation for how other school staff could create similar growth in other schools Embed in dialogs Group Book Study Self-Care Activity Reflection and Action

􁈏 CO-RESEARCHER : Noun \ (ˌ)kō-ri-ˈsər-chər Participants as co-researchers refers to a participatory method of research that situates participants as joint contributors and investigators to the findings of a research project. This qualitative research approach validates and privileges the experiences of participants, making them experts and therefore co-researchers and collaborators in the process of gathering and interpreting data. (Boylorn, 2012, p. 600)

CENTRAL FEATURES OF PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH PAR IS A SOCIAL PROCESS IT IS PARTICIPATORY IT IS EMANCIPATORY IT IS CRITICAL IT IS RECURSIVE (REFLEXIVE, DIALECTICAL) (Kemmis & Wilkinson, 1998)

HOW PAR VIEWS KNOWLEDGE Epistemological The process is designed to draw out the participants’ experiences and inner wisdom as a procedure for de ning a group’s needs as a group. The group is also used to analyze and address those needs (Coleman, 2015). fi Lincoln et al. (2011) also expound that PAR as being a type of critical subjectivity. Within the critical methodologies, they make understanding group power dynamics a key point. They also work to address social change or action through the research process.

The Need for a “Safe Space” Degree of Participation Definition of Community Democracy as a Precondition COMPONENTS OF PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH (Bergold & Thomas, 2012)

A BRAIDED PROCESS OF EXPLORATION, REFLECTION, AND ACTION IMPLEMENTING AND REFINING SAID PLAN DEVELOPING AN ACTION PLAN QUESTIONING A PARTICULAR ISSUE REFLECTING UPON AND INVESTIGATING THE ISSUE (McIntyre, 2008)